Investigations at work

When there is a possible work disciplinary or grievance issue, the employer should do an 'investigation'. This is where they find out all they reasonably can about the issue.

An investigation is to:

• see if there is a case to answer
• make sure everyone is treated fairly
• gather evidence from all sides
• help the employer to see what should happen next

At any stage the employer can still look at whether:

• the formal procedure needs to carry on
• the issue can be resolved informally instead

Following a fair procedure

To protect everyone involved in a disciplinary or grievance case, the employer must make sure they follow a fair procedure. The investigation is an important part of this.

If the employer does not carry out a reasonable investigation, any decisions they make in the disciplinary or grievance case are likely to be unfair. This could risk legal action.

Investigations are covered by the Acas Code of Practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures, which is the minimum an organisation must follow. Your organisation might have its own policy or procedure.

If a disciplinary or grievance case reaches an employment tribunal, judges will look at whether the employer has followed the Acas Code of Practice in a fair way.

Training for employers and managers

You can get Acas training on conducting investigations and following a fair disciplinary or grievance procedure.